:: wikimiki.org ::

Audioslave

Audioslave

Audioslave is an alternative rock supergroup consisting of Chris Cornell (formerly of Soundgarden) and the instrumentalists of Rage Against the Machine. It has been disputed whether this band owes more to the sound of Chris Cornell's vocals, or the sound of the Rage Against The Machine instrumentalists.

Biography

Soon, after forming the band, Audioslave entered the Axis of Justice, which is a non-profit organization formed by Tom Morello of Audioslave and Serj Tankian of System of a Down. Its purpose is to bring together musicians, fans of music, and grassroots political organizations to fight for social justice together. Allegations that they argued during production are not entirely unfounded; the group broke up in April 2002, before they had even released an album, but reunited in the summer and went on to release their debut album on November 19. However, subsequent interviews with the band revealed that early problems had been partly due to external pressures which were resolved when the band members sacked their previous management companies and hired Los Angeles company The Firm. The group's first studio album, Audioslave, drew mixed reactions from critics but swiftly attained double platinum-selling status. Some lambasted the group as millionaire musicians who constantly argued during album production, and whose 1970s rock sound is primarily the result of post-studio modification. Others compared them to Led Zeppelin, saying they add much-needed sound and style to contemporary mainstream music. They toured extensively worldwide in 2003, silencing many critics and gaining largely positive reviews for their spectacular live performances. On May 6, 2005, Audioslave became the first American rock group to perform in Cuba in front of an audience of 60,000. The concert was authorized by the United States Treasury Department. This concert was recorded, and released on DVD on October 11, 2005. It came in two versions; a basic package consisting of only the DVD, and a deluxe edition consisting of a DVD and a CD of the Sessions@AOL. Their latest album, Out of Exile, was released on May 24 2005 which debuted #1 on the U.S. charts, features the song "Be Yourself" as their new single, soon followed by "Your Time Has Come" and "Doesn't Remind Me," which both gained huge airtime on radio stations. In addition, it has recently been announced that "Out of Exile" will be their fourth single. The whole album was uploaded online at Audioslave's Myspace site for previewing. Recently, Audioslave performed at the Live 8 concerts. Their performance was in Berlin, Germany. On August 19, 2005 Audioslave announced their first-ever headlining arena tour across the U.S. and Canada. Before their fall 2005 arena tour, Audioslave finished pre-production work on their third album, a follow-up to Out of Exile; it will likely be finished and released in 2006. Audioslave have been nominated for the 2006 Grammy Awards in the "Best Hard Rock Performance" category for their song "Doesn't Remind Me".

Members

- Chris Cornell - Vocals
- Tom Morello - Guitar
- Tim Commerford - Bass and Backing Vocals
- Brad Wilk - Drums

Discography

Studio albums

Live albums and Compilations

Live in Cuba (DVD) (October 11, 2005)

Singles

Reference

External links

- [http://www.audioslave.com Audioslave official site]
- [http://www.audioslaved.com/ The Audioslave Fan Forum]
- [http://www.aceshowbiz.com/celebrity/audioslave/ About Audioslave]
- [http://www.lyricsdir.com/audioslave-lyrics.html Audioslave Lyrics]
- [http://www.artistoverview.com/AUDIOSLAVE-bio1635.html Audioslave news, lyrics, tabs, information] Category:Alternative musical groups Category:Rock music groups Category:American musical groups Category:Post-grunge groups Category:Supergroups simple:Audioslave

Alternative rock

The terms alternative rock and alternative music were coined in the early 1980s to describe punk rock-inspired music genres which didn't fit into the mainstream genres of the time. At times it was used as catch-all phrase for rock music from underground artists in the 1980s and rock music in general in the 1990s and 2000s. More specifically, it is made up mostly of genres that appeared in the 1980s and became popular or well known by the 1990s, such as indie rock, grunge, post-punk, gothic rock, and college rock. Most alternative bands were unified by their collective debt to punk, which laid the groundwork for underground and alternative music in the 1970s. Though the genre is considered to be rock, some of its genres were influenced by folk music, reggae, techno and jazz music among other genres.

Overview

In the late 1970s and early 1980s only CFNY, a commercial radio station in Toronto, Ontario, regularly broadcast alternative rock in North America. By 1982, a handful of college radio stations, like Danbury, Connecticut's WXCI, and WPRB in Princeton, NJ, broadcast alternative rock in the United States. Most commercial stations, CFNY being a notable exception, ignored the genre. It was played extensively in the UK, particularly by DJs such as John Peel (who championed alternative music on BBC Radio 1), Richard Skinner, and Annie Nightingale. American college DJs such as John Soloman of WPRB echoed the alternative wave as early as 1986 on his daily radio shows. As such, alternative rock became more popular in the mid-1980s, it spread widely to other college radio stations, leading to the use of the name "college rock" in the United States. In the UK, it became the predominantly popular form of rock for young people, and many alternative bands had chart success. Finally, in the late 1980s in North America, commercial stations such as Boston, Massachusetts's WFNX began playing alternative rock. By that time, CFNY's format was moving away from alternative as university radio stations took over the genre. Outside of North America, Triple J, a government-funded radio station in Australia, started broadcasting alternative rock from 1975 in Sydney. In 1990 it began broadcasting nationally, albeit with what some perceived as a "watered down" format. Notable alternative bands of the early to mid 1980s include R.E.M., Sonic Youth, the Replacements, and Hüsker Dü from the United States, and New Order, The Smiths, The Cure, and The Jesus and Mary Chain from the United Kingdom. Although these groups never generated spectacular album sales, they exerted a considerable influence on the generation of musicians who came of age in the 80s. Alternative music and the rebellious, DIY ethic it espoused became one of the inspirations for grunge, an alternative sub-genre created in the 80s that launched a large movement in mainstream music in the early 90s. Led by the popularity of Nirvana, the grunge movement took alternative rock into the mainstream. While "alternative" was simply an umbrella term for a diverse collection of underground rock bands, Nirvana and similar groups gave it a reputation for being a distinct style of guitar based rock which combined elements of punk and metal; their creation met with considerable commercial success. By the mid-90s, alternative was synonymous with grunge in the eyes of the mass media and the general public, and a supposed "alternative culture" was being marketed to the mainstream in much the same way as the hippie counterculture had in the 1960s (the existence of any such culture is debatable, and is often seen by some fans of the music to have been a creation of the media). By this time, however, alternative bands who were leery of broad commercial success had developed indie rock, a new genre that espoused a return to the original ethos of alternative music. In the first decade of the 21st century, mainstream rock has continued to evolve beyond alternative's 80s roots and low-fidelity ethos. Today's most popular rock music acts, typified by youth oriented modern rock groups such as Linkin Park, incorporate complex electronic beats and highly produced albums, but owe a heavy debt to their metal and grunge influences. In spite of being influenced by alternative rock, many fans of the genre do not see these bands as being alternative, but instead as part of the nu-metal genre.

Influences

- Punk rock
- Post punk
- New wave music
- Industrial music
- Hardcore punk
- Heavy metal

Styles

- Britpop
- Christian alternative music
- College rock
- Dream pop
- Gothic rock
- Grunge
- Indie rock
- Industrial rock
- Jam band
- Jangle pop
- Madchester
- Noise pop
- Paisley Underground
- Psychobilly
- Shoegazing
- Twee pop

Footnotes

# The term "alternative music" is particularly favored over "alternative rock" in British English, while "alternative rock" is favored in American English. The term underground music is sometimes also used, though more often used in reference to the music of little-known artists.

External links

- [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&token=ADFEAEE47B16DF49AD7320C59E3349DCA77AF129D342F382172E4B41D3A77F4B82006AE050F98488F2A326F878AEE02BBB580FD3CEA25EF6DE6E373D8DFEC61D&sql=77:4464 All Music Guide entry for alternative rock]
- [http://www.bandnews.org/genre/Rock/Alternative Alternative Rock News]
- [http://www.y100rocks.com Alternative Rock Internet Radio Station] Category:Alternative music Category:Rock music genres Category:radio formats ja:オルタナティブ・ミュージック

Supergroup (bands)

In the late 1960s, the term supergroup was coined to describe music groups comprising members of great proficiency who had already achieved fame or respect in other groups or as individual artists. The term took its name from the 1968 album Super Session with Al Kooper, Mike Bloomfield, and Stephen Stills. The coalition of Crosby, Stills and Nash (later Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young) is another example.
With the success of Cream, the term also came to include groups that sold huge numbers of albums and headlined massive concerts, regardless of the previous fame of the individual members. However, the term as correctly applied refers to the architecture, not the achievements, of the group. By any standards, it is not a rigidly defined category and has become, more than anything, a marketing term.
Supergroups tend to be short-lived (often lasting only for an album or two), perhaps because of the natural conflict of egos between established stars. Also, some supergroups were formed as side-projects that were never intended to be permanent.

Renowned supergroups

- Asia - Geoff Downes (Yes and Buggles), John Wetton (King Crimson and UK), Greg Lake (King Crimson and Emerson Lake and Palmer), Steve Howe (Yes), and Carl Palmer (Emerson Lake and Palmer)
- Alter Bridge - Myles Kennedy (The Mayfield Four); Mark Tremonti, Brian Marshall, Scott Phillips (all Creed)
- Army Of Anyone - Richard Patrick (Filter), Robert DeLeo and Dean Deleo (Stone Temple Pilots), Ray Luzier (David Lee Roth)
- Audioslave - Chris Cornell (Soundgarden); Tom Morello, Tim Commerford, Brad Wilk (Rage Against The Machine).
- Bad Company - Paul Rodgers and Simon Kirke from Free, Mott The Hoople's Mick Ralphs, and Boz Burrell from King Crimson.
- Black Star - Mos Def; Talib Kweli.
- Blind Faith - Eric Clapton and Ginger Baker (Cream); Steve Winwood (Traffic); Rick Grech (Family).
- Captain Beyond - Rod Evans (Deep Purple); Rhino Rheinhardt and Lee Dorman (Iron Butterfly); Bobby Caldwell (The Johnny Winter Band)
- Colonel Claypool's Bucket of Bernie Brains - Les Claypool, Brian Mantia (Primus); Buckethead (Guns N'Roses); Bernie Worrell (Parliament/Funkadelic)
- Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young - David Crosby (The Byrds); Stephen Stills (Buffalo Springfield); Graham Nash (The Hollies); Neil Young (Buffalo Springfield)
- Cream - Eric Clapton; Jack Bruce; Ginger Baker
- Damn Yankees - Ted Nugent; Jack Blades (Night Ranger) Tommy Shaw (Styx)
- David Lee Roth Band - David Lee Roth (Van Halen); Steve Vai (Frank Zappa); Billy Sheehan (Mr. Big, "the Eddie Van Halen of bass"); Gregg Bissonette (Maynard Ferguson).
- Demons and Wizards - Hansi Kursch (Blind Guardian); Jon Schaffer (Iced Earth).
- Derek and the Dominos - among the members of this one-shot supergroup were Eric Clapton and Duane Allman (strictly speaking, Allman was a guest; however, the band only recorded a single album, featuring Allman).
- Emerson, Lake & Palmer - Keith Emerson (The Nice); Greg Lake (King Crimson); Carl Palmer (Atomic Rooster).
- The Faces - Rod Stewart; Ron Wood; Ronnie Lane; Kenney Jones; Ian McLaglan.
- Fantômas - Mike Patton; Buzz Osborne, Dave Lombardo and Trevor Dunn
- Foo Fighters - formed by Dave Grohl (Nirvana), other members including Pat Smear (The Germs, Nirvana) (1995-97), William Goldsmith (Sunny Day Real Estate) (1995-1997), Nate Mendel (Sunny Day Real Estate) (1995-present), Chris Shiflett (No Use for a Name) (1999-present), Taylor Hawkins (backing band for Alanis Morissette) (1997-present), and Franz Stahl (1997-1999)
- Foreigner - formed by Mick Jones (Spooky Tooth), Lou Gramm (Black Sheep), and Ian McDonald (King Crimson)
- Gorillaz - Damon Albarn (Blur), Dan the Automator, Guests Include DJ Danger Mouse, Del tha Funkee Homosapien, Miho Hatori...
- The Highwaymen - Willie Nelson; Johnny Cash; Kris Kristofferson; Waylon Jennings. All members had long solo careers behind them.
- Led Zeppelin - a marginal case, because although Jimmy Page and John Paul Jones were famous and respected when the band formed as The New Yardbirds, the other half of the group were relative unknowns at the time (albeit very competent unknowns). Page's original intention for the group was to include other well known musicians for the vocalist and drummers spots.
- Mike & the Mechanics - members included Mike Rutherford (Genesis); Paul Carrack (Ace, Squeeze); Paul Young (Sad Café).
- Oysterhead - Trey Anastasio (Phish); Les Claypool (Primus); Stewart Copeland (The Police).
- A Perfect Circle - formed by Billy Howerdel, the group consists of a rotation of members including Maynard James Keenan (Tool); Josh Freese (The Vandals), and a highly respected studio drummer; Troy Van Leeuwen (Failure); Danny Lohner (Nine Inch Nails); James Iha (Smashing Pumpkins); Jeordie White (aka Twiggy Ramirez of Marilyn Manson); Tim Alexander (Primus). Paz Lenchantin (Zwan) first gained success within this band as well.
- The Plastic Ono Band - John Lennon (The Beatles); Yoko Ono; Eric Clapton; Klaus Voorman; Alan White (who later joined Yes).
- Power Station - Robert Palmer; John Taylor and Andy Taylor (Duran Duran); Tony Thompson (Chic).
- TransAtlantic - Mike Portnoy (Dream Theater); Pete Trewavas (Marillion); Roine Stolt (The Flower Kings); Neal Morse (ex-Spock's Beard).
- The Traveling Wilburys - Roy Orbison; Tom Petty; George Harrison; Bob Dylan; Jeff Lynne.
- U.K. - Eddie Jobson, Terry Bozzio, John Wetton, Bill Bruford and Allan Holdsworth
- Velvet Revolver - Scott Weiland (Stone Temple Pilots); Slash, Duff McKagan and Matt Sorum (Guns n' Roses); Dave Kushner (Wasted Youth)
- Yes - who began as a mere group but became a true supergroup with the members Steve Howe, Rick Wakeman and Alan White.
- Zwan - Billy Corgan and Jimmy Chamberlin (Smashing Pumpkins); Matt Sweeney (Chavez); David Pajo (Tortoise, Slint, Papa M); Paz Lenchantin (A Perfect Circle)

Charity supergroups

- Artists United Against Apartheid
- Band Aid: Three groups of British artists who released "Do They Know It's Christmas?" firstly in 1984
- Dreamtime Christmas All-Stars
- Hear 'n Aid, a heavy metal charity organized by Ronnie James Dio
- One World Project
- USA for Africa: 45 American recording artists who recorded "We Are the World" in 1984 to combat famine in Ethiopia
- [http://supergroup.netfirms.com Supergroup TV show - UK Supergroup vs USA Supergroup in a charity battle of the bands reality show concept]

Failed supergroups

- XYZ, ex-Yes and Led Zeppelin members who became a true supergroup on creation, despite the group not surviving long enough to produce any official albums.
- Tapeworm, probably the longest-existing rumored project that never came to be, with creator Trent Reznor having hinted at its existence for over ten years with no product in the end. Regular contributors cited included Maynard James Keenan (Tool / A Perfect Circle), Atticus Ross (12 Rounds / Error), Danny Lohner (Nine Inch Nails / A Perfect Circle), Page Hamilton (Helmet), and Phil Anselmo (Pantera / Superjoint Ritual) among others. The project did however generate one existing song, "Vacant", which was later rewritten entirely by some of the members' other band A Perfect Circle, renaming it "Passive" for their album eMOTIVE.
- Stars, Syd Barrett, Twink, Jack Monck
- Ginger Baker's Air Force

Other supergroups

- Bachman-Turner Overdrive
- Beck Bogert Appice - power trio formed by guitarist Jeff Beck with Vanilla Fudge's Tim Bogert and Carmine Appice
- Bloodbath - death metal supergroup consisting of Dan Swanö of Edge of Sanity, Mikael Åkerfeldt of Opeth plus members of Hypocrisy, amongst others.
- Brakes - The band is made up from Eamon Hamilton of British Sea Power, Tom and Alex White of Electric Soft Parade and Marc Beatty from The Tenderfoot.
- Bruderschaft - European futurepop supergroup consisting of DJ Rexx Arkana, Ronan Harris of VNV Nation, Sebastian Komor of Icon of Coil, Stephan Groth of Apoptygma Berzerk and Joakim Montelius of Covenant.
- Burden Brothers - Vaden Lewis (Toadies), Taz Bentley (Reverend Horton Heat, Tenderloin, Izzy Stradlin's band, Loaded), Casey Orr (GWAR, Ministry, Speedealer, Rigor Mortis, Blohole, The Hellions), Casey Hess (Doosu), Corey Rozzoni (Clumsy); (former members: Mark Hughes (Baboon), Mike Rudnicki (Baboon), and Zach Blair (GWAR, Hagfish)
- Cry Cry Cry - a folk supergroup of Richard Shindell, Dar Williams, and Lucy Kaplansky
- Cyberaktif - cEvin Key & Dwayne Goettel of Skinny Puppy, with Bill Leeb of Front Line Assembly/Delerium.
- The Damage Manual - A quartet of prominent industrial musicians; Chris Connelly, Martin Atkins, Jah Wobble and Geordie Walker.
- Def Squad - Redman, Erick Sermon & Keith Murray
- Dirty Mac - Made up of John Lennon, Keith Richards, Eric Clapton, Ivry Gitlis, Yoko Ono and Mitch Mitchell. Performed 2 songs on The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus.
- Down - Band formed from members of Pantera, Corrosion of Conformity and Eyehategod.
- DPG-Unit - group formed by 50 Cent's G-Unit and Snoop Dogg's Dogg Pound.
- Electronic - Bernard Sumner of New Order and Johnny Marr of The Smiths, with one or both members of the Pet Shop Boys on certain tracks; and one member of Kraftwerk on even rarer occasions.
- Eyes Adrift - Krist Novoselic of Nirvana, Curt Kirkwood of Meat Puppets, Bud Gaugh of Sublime
- Far Corporation - A multinational supergroup whose greatest his Led Zeppelin cover Stairway to Heaven.
- The Firm (1980s rock music supergroup) - Jimmy Page; Paul Rodgers; Chris Slade.
- The Firm (1990s hip hop supergroup) - Nas; Cormega; Foxy Brown; AZ (rapper); Nature.
- Free Kitten - Kim Gordon (Sonic Youth) - Julie Cafritz (Pussy Galore) - Mark Ibold (Pavement) - Yoshimi P-We (Boredoms)
- G3 - Joe Satriani, Steve Vai and Yngwie Malmsteen, among other guitarists
- The Glove - a side-project for The Cure's Robert Smith and Siouxsie & the Banshees's Steven Severin.
- Go.
- Golden State Warriors - Ras Kass, Xzibit & Saafir
- GTR - formed by guitarists Steve Hackett (Genesis) and Steve Howe (Yes and Asia).
- Hazen Street - formed by Toby Morse, Freddy Cricien, David Kennedy, Hoya and Mackie James.
- The Heartbreakers - composed of Richard Hell, Johnny Thunders and Jerry Nolan
- The Horsemen - Ras Kass, Canibus, Killah Priest & Kurupt
- Jeff Beck Group - Jeff Beck, Rod Stewart, Ron Wood, Mick Waller, Nicky Hopkins
- The Jones Gang - Kenny Jones (The Faces/The Who), Rick Willis (Foreigner, Robert Hart (Bad Company)
- King James - Rex Carroll (Whitecross), Jimi Bennett (Sacred Fire), Tim Gaines and Robert Sweet (Stryper)
- L.A. Guns - Phil Lewis (Girl), Tracii Guns (Guns 'N Roses), Steve Riley (W.A.S.P.), Kelly Nickels (Faster Pussycat), Mick Cripps (Faster Pussycat)
- The Last Hard Men - Jimmy Chamberlin (Smashing Pumpkins); Kelley Deal (The Breeders); Jimmy Flemion (The Frogs); Sebastian Bach (Skid Row)
- Liquid Tension Experiment - Tony Levin, John Petrucci, Mike Portnoy and Jordan Rudess.
- Mad Season - Layne Staley of Alice in Chains and Mike McCready guitarist for Pearl Jam.
- Me First and the Gimme Gimmes - Spike Slawson, Fat Mike of NOFX, Joey Cape and Dave Raun of Lagwagon, and Chris Shiflett of No Use for a Name
- Misery Index - Jason Netherton, Sparky Voyles and Kevin Talley of Dying Fetus. Has since gone through line-up changes.
- Mutual Admiration Society - Glen Phillips (Toad the Wet Sprocket), and Chris Thile, Sean Watkins and Sara Watkins (Nickel Creek), who were joined by John Paul Jones (Led Zeppelin) and Pete Thomas (many bands including The Attractions). This may have been a one-shot tour.
- Naked City - John Zorn - Joey Baron - Fred Frith (Henry Cow) - Bill Frisell - Wayne Horvitz - Yamatsuka Eye (Boredoms)
- Neurotic Outsiders - Steve Jones of the Sex Pistols, Matt Sorum and Duff McKagan of Guns n' Roses, and John Taylor of Duran Duran
- The New Pornographers - Carl Newman of Zumpano, Neko Case, Dan Bejar of Destroyer, John Collins of The Evaporators and others
- Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds - Nick Cave and Mick Harvey (of the Birthday Party), Barry Adamson (of Magazine), Blixa Bargeld (of Einstürzende Neubauten), Tomas Wylder (of Die Haut), Kid Congo Powers (of The Cramps and The Gun Club), solo artist Hugo Race, Conway Savage (of the Coral Snakes), Martyn P. Casey (of The Triffids), Jim Sclavunos (of The Vanity Set), and Warren Ellis (of the Dirty Three). Something of an alternative supergroup.
- The No WTO Combo - Jello Biafra of the Dead Kennedys, Krist Novoselic of Nirvana, Kim Thayil of Soundgarden
- OSI - Jim Matheos (Fates Warning), Mike Portnoy (Dream Theater), Kevin Moore (Chroma Key), Sean Malone (Gordian Knot) and Steven Wilson (Porcupine Tree).
- Various artists on Perfect Day.
- Pigface - The industrial supergroup. Martin Atkins, Trent Reznor, Jello Biafra, Steve Albini, Nivek Ogre, members of KMFDM and The Orb, plus countless others.
- Planet X - Virgil Donati, Tony MacAlpine and Derek Sherinian.
- Praxis - Bootsy Collins (Parliament/Funkadelic), Brian Mantia (Primus), Bill Laswell, Buckethead (Guns N' Roses), Bernie Worrell (Parliament/Funkadelic) and others
- Rockestra - large group led by Paul McCartney and featuring Pete Townshend, David Gilmour, John Paul Jones and John Bonham; recorded two tracks on the Wings album Back to the Egg.
- Sabina y Paez - Popular latin rockers Joaquin Sabina and Fito Paez released together the album "Enemigos Íntimos" ("Intimate Enemies") in 1998.
- The Reindeer Section - 27-strong Scottish indie rock supergroup featuring (amongst others) members from Snow Patrol, Belle & Sebastian, Idlewild (band), Mogwai, Arab Strap (band) and Teenage Fanclub.
- Shandie's Addiction - Tom Morello, Billy Gould, Brad Wilk and Maynard James Keenan
- Shriekback - members of XTC and Gang of Four
- Sinergy - Formed by Alexi Laiho of Children of Bodom and Roope Latvala of Stone together with former Dimmu Borgir keyboardist Kimberly Goss.
- Sky - classical guitarist John Williams, with other classical performers
- The Tear Garden - All members of Skinny Puppy and The Legendary Pink Dots.
- Temple Of The Dog - A one-album group, put together as a tribute to Mother Love Bone singer Andrew Wood, featuring members of Soundgarden and Pearl Jam. The hit single "Hunger Strike" came as a result of this album.
- The Thorns - Matthew Sweet, Shawn Mullins and Pete Droge.
- Tomahawk - Duane Denison of The Jesus Lizard, Mike Patton of Faith No More and Fantômas, Kevin Rutmanis of The Cows, John Stanier of Helmet and The Mark of Cain.
- TransAtlantic - Neal Morse, Mike Portnoy, Roine Stolt and Pete Trewavas.
- Transplants - Tim Armstrong of Rancid, Travis Barker of Blink-182 and Rob Aston.
- The Wrights - featuring members of Jet, The Living End, Grinspoon, Powderfinger, Spiderbait, You Am I & Dallas Crane.
- Generation X - While recording the groups final album, "Kiss Me Deadly," the band at one point included former Sex Pistols members Paul Cook and Steve Jones. However, the two left after recording one track, and the group was joined by Terry Chimes, formerly of The Clash (of whom is album formally credits on drums)
- The Fog Breathers- the group includes Weston DuPree of Eisley,Eisley's tour mangager Boyd DuPree all the members of LuvBeat,members from Midlake, Ivoryline, Brighten, and others. Category:Musical groups

Soundgarden

Soundgarden was a seminal Seattle rock band who helped to define the sound that came to be called grunge. They are usually considered one of the "big four" of the Seattle grunge bands, along with Nirvana, Alice in Chains, and Pearl Jam.

Band history

The band was formed in 1984 by Chris Cornell (drums & vocals) and Hiro Yamamoto (bass), and was later joined by Kim Thayil (guitar), who had moved to Seattle from Illinois with Yamamoto and Bruce Pavitt, who would later start Sub Pop Records. The band was named after an outdoor art/sound installation called "The Sound Garden" located on NOAA property near Seattle's Magnuson Park which makes eerie sounds when the wind blows. Cornell originally played drums while singing, but the band enlisted Scott Sundquist to free Cornell up to concentrate on vocals. The band recorded two songs which appeared on a compilation for C/Z Records called Deep Six which also featured songs by Green River, Skin Yard, and The Melvins. The Melvins In 1986 Sundquist left the band, to be replaced by Matt Cameron, who had been the drummer in Skin Yard. The band signed to Sub Pop, releasing the Screaming Life EP in 1987, and the Fopp EP in 1988. A compilation was issued as Screaming Life/Fopp in 1990. Though the band were being courted by major labels, in 1988 they signed to SST Records to release their debut album, Ultramega OK, for which they earned a Grammy nomination. In 1989 the band released their first album for a major label, Louder Than Love, released through A&M Records. After the release of the album Yamamoto left to go back to college. He was briefly replaced by Jason Everman, formerly of Nirvana, who appeared on the Louder Than Live video, but Ben Shepherd ended up in the band as a permanent replacement. The new line up recorded Badmotorfinger in 1991. Though successful, the album was overshadowed by Nirvana's Nevermind. The band toured with Guns N' Roses to support the album, and later released the video Motorvision which was filmed on that tour. The band made an appearance in the movie Singles playing "Birth Ritual". The song appeared on the soundtrack album, as did a solo Cornell song, "Seasons". The film also featured a clip from the demo version of "Spoonman", a song from the band's 1994 album, Superunknown. Superunknown was the band's breakout, driven by the singles "Black Hole Sun", "Spoonman", and "Fell on Black Days". The band's final album was 1996's Down on the Upside. Soundgarden announced its breakup in April 1997. A greatest-hits compilation, A-Sides, was released a few months later. Cornell went on to make solo album Euphoria Morning and later formed the group Audioslave along with ex-members of Rage Against The Machine, while Cameron toured with Pearl Jam for their 1998 Yield Tour and subsequently joined the band as a permanent member. Thayil joined forces with ex-Dead Kennedys vocalist Jello Biafra, former Nirvana bassist Krist Novoselic and drummer Gina Mainwal for one show, performing as the No WTO Combo during the WTO ministerial conference in Seattle on December 1, 1999 and would later contribute guitar tracks to Dave Grohl's side-project's album (PROBOT), which was released in 2004.

Discography

Studio albums

PROBOT
- 1988 Ultramega OK (SST)
- 1989 Louder Than Love (A&M) #108 US
- 1991 Badmotorfinger (A&M) #39 US
- 1994 Superunknown (A&M) #1 US
- 1996 Down on the Upside (A&M) #2 US

EPS

- 1987 Screaming Life EP (Sub Pop)
- 1988 Fopp EP (Sub Pop)
- 1995 Songs from the Superunknown (A&M)

Live releases and Compilations

- 1985 Deep Six various artist (C/Z Records) CZ001
- 1990 Screaming Life/Fopp (Sub Pop)
- 1997 A-Sides (A&M) #63 US

Singles

- 1987 "Hunted Down"
- 1989 "Flower"
- 1990 "Loud Love"
- 1990 "Hands All Over"
- 1990 "Room A Thousand Years Wide"
- 1991 "Jesus Christ Pose"
- 1991 "Outshined"
- 1992 "Rusty Cage"
- 1994 "Spoonman"
- 1994 "Black Hole Sun"
- 1994 "My Wave" (Australia)
- 1994 "Fell on Black Days"
- 1995 "The Day I Tried to Live"
- 1995 "Superunknown"
- 1996 "Pretty Noose"
- 1996 "Burden in My Hand"
- 1996 "Blow Up the Outside World"
- 1997 "Ty Cobb"
- 1997 "Bleed Together"

References

- Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "[http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&searchlink=SOUNDGARDEN&uid=MIW060506131551&sql=11:4z0qoawabijx~T0 Soundgarden]". All Music Guide. Retrieved June 13, 2005.

External links

- [http://web.stargate.net/soundgarden/ Unofficial Soundgarden page]
- [http://home.att.net/~grungehistory/grunge_music_the_grunge_movement.htm Chuck Ayoub's Grunge Music - History Page]
- [http://www.seattlesound.de Website about Grunge in General] Category:American musical groups Category:Grunge groups
- Category:Sub Pop

Axis of Justice

Axis of Justice was formed by Tom Morello of Audioslave and Serj Tankian of System of a Down. On its website, Axis of Justice explains itself as being "a non-profit political organization ... to bring together musicians, fans of music, and grassroots political organizations to fight for social justice together." An Axis of Justice tent might appear at music festivals where either Audioslave or System of a Down are playing, as it did at Lollapalooza 2003. The Axis of Justice also puts out a monthly radio show that can be heard on KPFK in Los Angeles, California and on XM Satellite Radio. In 2004, they released a live album/DVD entitled Axis of Justice: Concert Series Volume 1. It contains performances by Flea from the Red Hot Chili Peppers, Brad Wilk and Chris Cornell from Audioslave, Serj Tankian from System of a Down, Pete Yorn, Tim Walker, Maynard James Keenan of Tool and A Perfect Circle, and Wayne Kramer among others. It was recorded during a concert at the Avalon in Los Angeles. The concert was a benefit to raise money for the Axis of Justice.

External links

- [http://www.axisofjustice.org Axis of Justice]
- [http://axisofjustice.org/radio_archive.htm Axis of Justice radio archive]
- [http://p204.ezboard.com/baxisofjustice Axis of Justice message board]
- [http://www.axisofjustice.org/wordpress The Axis of Justice blog - New Noise] Category:Activism

Serj Tankian

Serj Tankian (born August 21, 1967) is an Armenian-American musician born in Beirut who now lives in Los Angeles. He is a vocalist of System of a Down, a name which was inspired by a poem written by fellow band member Daron Malakian titled "Victims of a Down". Serj also teaches the D.A.R.E. program for young children. In addition to his current singing duties with System of a Down, Serj has started his own record label, Serjical Strike, in an effort to release music otherwise ignored by the mainstream. The first act on this new label is a side-project dubbed "Serart" featuring Serj himself and famed world-musician Arto Tuncboyaciyan. His first poetry book, Cool Gardens, was published by MTV Books and features artwork by fellow Angeleno, Sako Shahinian. An outspoken musician, Serj has spoken out against violence and injustice abroad. On September 13, 2001, shortly after the attacks of September 11, 2001, Serj penned an essay, which he posted on the official System of a Down website, titled [http://wrestlingcasa.tripod.com/systemofadown/id174.html "Understanding Oil"]. Promptly removed by Sony, the essay was seen by many, still shaken by the attack, as justification for the terrorists' actions, though this wasn't what Serj was trying to put across. More recently, Serj has partnered with Tom Morello of Audioslave (formerly guitarist of Rage Against The Machine) to create Axis of Justice, an activist organization aimed at motivating youth interest in politics. On January 3, 2003, Serj and Tom led a protest march in Santa Monica, California handing out bagged lunches to the homeless in violation of a city ordinance that requires charitable organizations, while handing out food in public, to follow restaurant code. Serj is also a vegetarian. He is also currently working on efforts to make Turkey recognize the Armenian Genocide of 1915. Serj appeared on, and produced the 2005 release by Buckethead & Friends, "Enter the Chicken."

External links

- [http://www.systemofadown.com/ System of A Down Official Site]
- [http://www.serjicalstrike.com Serjical Strike Records]
- [http://www.soadfans.com SOADFans] Tankien, Serj Tankien, Surj

2002

2002 (MMII) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. It was designated the:
- International Year of Ecotourism and Mountains
- Year of the Outback in Australia
- National Science Year in the United Kingdom
- Autism Awareness Year in the United Kingdom See also Wikipedia's almanac of events for this year.

Overview of the year

In contrast to 2000 and 2001, which retained elements of the late 1990s, 2002 shifted into a new cultural decade. With the declining popularity of late 1990s and early 2000s acts like 'N Sync and The Backstreet Boys after band break-ups, rap acts like 50 Cent and Eminem rose in popularity. Pop-Punk acts like Good Charlotte and New Found Glory also appealed to adolescents. 2002 also marked the begining of the controversial Iraq War, which many say, along with 9/11, was the true generation definer of the 2000s.

Events

January

- January 1 - The Republic of China officially joins the World Trade Organization, as Chinese Taipei.
- January 1 - The Open Skies mutual surveillance treaty, initially signed in 1992, officially enters in to force.
- January 5 - Charles Bishop, a 15 year-old student pilot, crashes a light aircraft into a Tampa, Florida building, evoking fear of a copycat 9/11 terrorist attack.
- January 9 - The United States Department of Justice announces it is going to pursue a criminal investigation of Enron.
- January 10 - Enrique Bolaños began his five-year term as President of the Republic of Nicaragua.
- January 13 - President George W. Bush faints after choking on a pretzel.
- January 14 - The case of Adelaide Abankwah comes into trial in New York
- January 16 - A student shoots 6 people at the Appalachian School of Law, killing three.
- January 16 - John Ashcroft announces that American Taliban member John Walker Lindh would be tried in the United States.
- January 16 - The UN Security Council unanimously establishes an arms embargo and the freezing of assets of Osama bin Laden, Al-Qaida, and the Taliban.
- January 17 - Eruption of Mount Nyiragongo in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, displacing an estimated 400,000 people.
- January 18 - A Canadian Pacific Railway train carrying anhydrous ammonia derails outside of Minot, North Dakota, killing one.
- January 22 - AOL Time Warner brings a federal suit against Microsoft seeking damages. The suit alleges that the market for AOL's Netscape Navigator Internet browser was harmed when Microsoft started to give away a competing browser.
- January 22 - Kmart Corp becomes the largest retailer in American history to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection.
- January 22 - Clyde Hood sentenced for 14 years in prison for Omega Trust fraud
- January 24 - Terrorist suspect John Walker Lindh's hearing begins.
- January 27 - Several explosions at a military dump in Lagos, Nigeria kill more than 1,000.

February

- February 2 - Crown Prince Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands marries Máxima, Princess of Orange in Amsterdam.
- February 3 - Costa Rica: elections for President and Congress
- February 8-February 24 - 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah
- February 12 - The trial of former President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Slobodan Milošević begins at the United Nations war crimes tribunal in The Hague
- February 12 - Nuclear waste: US Secretary of Energy makes the decision that Yucca Mountain is suitable to be the United States' nuclear repository.
- February 13 - Queen Elizabeth II gives former New York City mayor Rudolph Giuliani an honorary knighthood.
- February 16 - Rachel Thaler, aged 16, blown up at a pizzena in an Israeli shopping mall following a suicide bombing attack on a crowd of teenagers.
- February 19 - NASA's Mars Odyssey space probe begins to map the surface of using its thermal emission imaging system.
- February 20 - In Reqa Al-Gharbiya, Egypt, a fire on a train injures over 65 and kills at least 370
- February 20 - In most of the world, at 20:02 (8:02 PM) local time, date (written as day/month), time, and year are all 2002, making each of them alone, any two together, and the combination of all three, all palindromes.
- February 22 - Norwegian-facilitated ceasefire begins in Sri Lanka
- February 23 - FARC kidnaps Ingrid Betancourt in Colombia when she campaigns for presidency
- February 27 - Ethnic conflict in India: 59 Hindu pilgrims die aboard a train burned by a Muslim mob in Godhra, India, sparking a series of riots, leaving hundreds dead
- February 28 - The ex-currencies of all euro members officialy (at EU-level) cease to be legal tender.

March

- March 1 - U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: In eastern Afghanistan, Operation Anaconda begins.
- March 1 - 28 people die in continuing violence in Ahmedabad. Police shoot and kill five while attempting to control rioters.
- March 1 - The Envisat environmental satellite successfully reaches an orbit 800km above the Earth on its 11th launch, carrying the heaviest payload to date at 8500kg.
- March 1 - Space Shuttle Columbia flies Hubble Space Telescope service mission (STS-109).
- March 1 - Peseta discontinued as official currency of Spain and is replaced with the euro (€)
- March 3 - São Tomé and Príncipe: elections for the legislature
- March 6 - France agrees to return the remains of Saartje Baartman to South Africa
- March 10 - Colombia: elections for the legislature; Togo: elections for the Parliament
- March 11 - BBC 6 Music, the first new BBC music radio station in decades, is launched
- March 12 - In Texas, Andrea Yates is found guilty of drowning her five children on June 20, 2001. She is later sentenced to life in prison
- March 17 - Portugal: elections for the Parliament
- March 19 - US Attack on Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda ends (started on March 1) after killing 500 Taliban and al Qaeda fighters with 11 allied troop fatalities
- March 21 - In Pakistan, Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh along with three other suspects are charged with murder for their part in the kidnapping and killing of Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl
- March 27 - Netanya suicide attack: A suicide bomber kills 28 people in Netanya, Israel
- March 31 - Ukraine: elections for the Parliament

April

April
- April 2 - Israeli forces surround the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, when militants take shelter there. A siege ensues.
- April 9- Funeral of Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother takes place in Westminster Abbey, London.
- April 15 - An Air China Boeing 767-200 crashes into a hillside during heavy rain and fog near Pusan, South Korea, killing 128
- April 15 - The Alameda Corridor transportation project in Los Angeles, California opens to rail traffic, ceasing operations of through freight trains on the 120-year-old BNSF Harbor Subdivision.
- April 17 - Four Canadian infantrymen are killed in Afghanistan by friendly fire from two U.S. F-16s.
- April 18 - New order of insects, Mantophasmatodea, announced.
- April 25 - South African Mark Shuttleworth blasts off from the Baikonur cosmodrome; he had paid £15 million for the trip.
- April 26 - Robert Steinhauser opens fire on his former teachers and other students in Erfurt, Germany and then kills himself: 16 dead.
- April 27 - Three people killed in Laughlin, Nevada River Run Riot.
- April 30 - Pakistan: Pakistani voters approve a referendum granting a five-year term for Pakistani president Pervez Musharraf.

May

May]
- May 4 - In Germany, BV Borussia Dortmund wins the Bundesliga title after a 2-1 victory over SV Werder Bremen.
- May 6 - In the Netherlands, politician Pim Fortuyn is killed by Volkert van der Graaf.
- May 7 - Gay Canadian teenager Marc Hall is granted a court injunction ordering that he be allowed to attend his high school prom with his boyfriend.
- May 9 - The 38-day stand-off in the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem comes to an end when the Palestinians inside agreed to have 13 suspected militants among them deported to several different countries. The standoff started April 2.
- May 9 - In Kaspiysk, Russia, a remote-control bomb explodes during a holiday parade, killing 43 and injuring at least 130.
- May 10 - FBI agent Robert Hanssen is sentenced to life without the possibility of parole for selling American secrets to Moscow for $1.4 million in cash and diamonds.
- May 12 - Former President Jimmy Carter arrives in Cuba for a five-day visit with Fidel Castro becoming the first President of the United States, in or out of office, to visit the island since Castro's 1959 revolution.
- May 15 - The Netherlands: elections for the Lower House.
- May 16 - Star Wars: Attack of the Clones is released in theaters.
- May 20 - Restoration of East Timor independence
- May 21 - US State Department releases report citing seven State-Sponsors of Terrorism;Iran,Iraq,Cuba,Libya,North Korea,Sudan,andSyria.
- May 22 - In Washington, DC, Chandra Levy's remains are found in Rock Creek Park.
- May 22 - American civil rights movement: 16th Street Baptist Church bombing: A jury in Birmingham, Alabama convicts former Ku Klux Klan member Bobby Frank Cherry of the 1963 murders of four girls.
- May 23 - Irish Football Captain, Roy Keane, Is sent home from the Training Camp in Saipan, by Manager Mick McCarthy after an Argument over Training arrangements. This cause a huge Media sensation in Ireland and Britain. Many people were split over two sides and some called it the Second Irish Civil War.
- May 23 - First Eurovision Song Contest in a former Soviet country: Estonia
- May 25 - The Boston Celtics come back from twenty-six points down to defeat the New Jersey Nets in Game 3 of the National Basketball Association's Eastern Conference Finals.
- May 25 - China Airlines Flight 611 broke up near the Penghu Islands at Taiwan Strait, killing all 225 people on board.
- May 26 - The Mars Odyssey finds signs of huge water ice deposits on the planet Mars.
- May 28 - Washington DC's medical examiner declares that Chandra Levy's death was the result of homicide.
- May 31 through June 30 - 17th Football World Cup in South Korea and Japan

June

June over London in a fly past for Queen Elizabeth II on her Golden Jubilee]]
- June 1 - The Los Angeles Lakers def the Sacramento Kings 112-106, to win Game 7 of the National Basketball Association's 2002 Western Conference Finals.
- June 3 - The "Party in the Palace" takes place at Buckingham Palace, London for Queen Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee celebrations.
- June 4 - Quaoar is discovered.
- June 4 - Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh ride in the gold state coach from Buckingham Palace to St Paul's Cathedral for a special service marking the Queen's 50 years on the throne. In New York, the Empire State Building is lit in purple for her honour.
- June 5 - Elizabeth Smart is kidnapped from her Salt Lake City, Utah home.
- June 5 - Mozilla 1.0, the first 'official' version, is released.
- June 6 - The United States House of Representatives Energy and Commerce Committee announces it is probing Martha Stewart's ImClone stock sales.
- June 8 - Serena Williams defeats her sister Venus Williams in straight sets to win the 2002 French Open.
- June 10 - Annular solar eclipse.
- June 11 - Antonio Meucci was recognised as the first inventor of the telephone by the United States Congress.
- June 12 - The Los Angeles Lakers def the New Jersey Nets 4 games to 0 to win the 2002 NBA Finals.
- June 13 - The Detroit Red Wings def the Carolina Hurricanes 4 games to 1 in the 2002 Stanley Cup Finals.
- June 14 - In Karachi, Pakistan, a car bomb in front of the U.S. consulate kills twelve Pakistanis and injures fifty.
- June 18 - Arizona experiences its worst forest fire, burning 462,606 acres (1,872 km²) near the Mogollon Rim.
- June 30 - Brazil defeats Germany 2-0 to win the Football World Cup 2002.

July

- July 1 - Russian passenger jet and a cargo plane collide over the town of Uberlingen in Southern Germany - 72 dead
- July 1 - Wendy J. Hamilton became president of Mothers Against Drunk Driving.
- July 5 - Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq once again rejects new U.N. weapons inspections proposals
- July 10 - At a Sotheby's auction, Peter Paul Rubens' painting "The Massacre of the Innocents" is sold for £49.5million (US$76.2 million) to Lord Thomson
- July 13 - A lighting strike sets off the Sour Biscuit Fire in Oregon and northern California, which is left to burn 499,570 acres (2,022 km²) when finally contained on September 5.
- July 14 - During Bastille Day celebrations, Jacques Chirac escapes an assassination attempt unscathed.
- July 15 - So-called "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh pleads guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and for the possession of explosives during the commission of a felony. Lindh agrees to serve 10 years in prison for each of the charges
- July 19 - K-19: The Widowmaker starring Harrison Ford is released.
- July 21 - Telecommunications giant WorldCom files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the largest such filing in United States history
- July 27 - Helen Clark leader of the Labour Party is historically re-elected in a landslide victory over the Right Wing in the New Zealand general election of 2002.
- July 27 - A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes at an air show in Ukraine killing 78 and injuring more than 100 others, the largest air show disaster in history.

August

- August 27 - Simon & Schuster sues Michael Pelligrino and Artist Management Group because Pelligrino had written a book claiming to be a son of late Mafioso Carlo Gambino

September

- September 2 - The opening of the United Nations World Summit on Sustainable Development, successor of the 1972 Conference on the Human Environment, 1983 World Commission on Environment and Development, and the 1992 Conference on Environment and Development.
- September 3 - Consolidated Freightways files for bankruptcy
- September 5 - A car bomb kills at least 30 people in Afghanistan, and an apparent assassination attempt on Afghan President Hamid Karzai fails the same day.
- September 5 - The Sour Biscuit Fire in Oregon and northern California, which burned 499,570 acres (2,022 km²), is finally contained.
- September 8 - Typhoon Sinlaku causes huge waves on the